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| Metabolism 1999 Jun;48(6):809-16 |
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Combined effect of vegetable protein (soy)
and soluble fiber added to a standard cholesterol-lowering diet.
Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Mehling CC, Parker T, Rao AV, Agarwal
S, Novokmet R, Jones PJ, Raeini M, Story JA, Furumoto E, Vidgen
E, Griffin LC, Cunnane SC, Ryan MA, Connelly PW.
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and the
Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada.
Dietary treatment of hyperlipidemia focuses on reducing saturated
fat and dietary cholesterol. Other aspects of diet are not emphasized
at present, despite growing evidence that a number of plant
components decrease serum cholesterol. We therefore determined
whether a combination of two plant components, vegetable protein
and soluble fiber, further reduce serum lipids when incorporated
into the currently advocated low-saturated-fat diet. Thirty-one
hyperlipidemic men and women ate two 1-month low-fat (<7%
of total energy from saturated fat), low-cholesterol (<80
mg cholesterol/d) metabolic diets in a randomized crossover
study. The major differences between test and control diets
were an increased amount of vegetable protein (93% v 23% of
total protein), of which 33 g/d was soy, and a doubling of soluble
fiber. Fasting blood samples were obtained at the start and
end of each phase. On the last 3 days of each phase, fecal collections
were obtained. Compared with the low-fat control diet, the test
diet decreased total cholesterol (6.2% +/- 1.2%, P < .001),
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (6.7% +/- 1.7%, P
< .001), apolipoprotein B (8.2% +/- 1.2%, P < .001), and
the ratios of LDL to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
(6.3% +/- 2.0%, P = .004) and apolipoprotein B to A-I (5.4%
+/- 1.5%, P = .001). A combination of vegetable protein and
soluble fiber significantly improved the lipid-lowering effect
of a low-saturated-fat diet. The results support expanding the
current dietary advice to include increased vegetable protein
and soluble fiber intake so that the gap in effectiveness between
a good diet and drug therapy is reduced.
Publication Types:
- Clinical Trial
- Randomized Controlled Trial
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